20 July2016

For immediate release

NEPTUNE paper looks at novel psychoactive substances

The NEPTUNE project has just published a new paper on Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists (SCRAs) which represented the largest group of novel psychoactive substances reported globally and in Europe in 2015.

The paper, by Dr Dima Abdulrahim and Neptune chair, Dr Owen Bowden-Jones, covers the effects of SCRAs, their harms and management of conditions relating to acute harm or long term use.

What is known about these drugs is they have a strong effect on the endocannabinoid system, which is involved in a variety of physiological processes including mood, and memory.

Reported harms include a range of psychiatric problems, the most prominent of which are anxiety (which can be severe), irritability, agitation and psychosis-like effects. Other adverse effects include negative mood changes, hallucinations and ‘hangover' effects.

Common physical effects of SCRAs include tachycardia and nausea. SCRAs are also reported to be cardiotoxic. Widely reported sympathomimetic effects include seizures, hypertension, diaphoresis, hyperthermia, agitation and aggression. SCRAs have also been associated with hypotension and linked to severe kidney injury and muscle damage.

SCRA products in the UK are sometimes known generically as ‘Spice', though not all products labelled ‘Spice' are SCRAs.

The report finds that it is too early to judge the impact of the Psychoactive Substance Act 2016 on patterns of substance use, although there is some anecdotal evidence that SCRAs are increasingly being sold in plain plastic packets by street dealers.

The use of SCRAs appears to be more prevalent among prisoners and homeless populations, and concerns have been voiced about its impact on these groups.

The paper can be found on http://neptune-clinical-guidance.co.uk/resources/

NEPTUNE -the Novel Psychoactive Treatment UK Network - was set up to provide guidance on the clinical management for the harmful effects of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS), and ‘club drugs'. It is funded by the independent charity the Health Foundation.

Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust
Stephenson House, 75 Hampstead Road, London NW1 2PL
Tel: 020 3214 5756 e-mail:communications.cnwl@nhs.net